25. YANTRA VIDHI – यन्त्र विधि/ USAGE OF BLUNT INSTRUMENTS AND APPLIANCES
नानाविधानं शल्यानां नानादेश प्रबाधिनाम्
आहर्तुमभ्युपायो यस्तत् यन्त्रं यच्च दर्शने
अर्शो भगन्दरादीनां शस्त्रक्षाराग्नियोजने
शेषाङ्गपरिरक्षायां तथा बस्त्यादिकर्मणि-
घटिकालाबुशृङ्गं च जाम्बवौष्टादिकानि
Equipments which are useful to
· extract the different types of foreign bodies causing pain in different parts of the body,
· to look into hemorrhoids, rectal fistula etc.
· to apply sharp instruments, alkalies (kshara) and fire (agni karma);
· to protect the remaining parts other than the diseased in therapies like enema etc,
· and the pot (ghatika), ground horn (alabu) of animal, jambavaustha- cylindrical smooth stone etc.
are all known as yantra (medical instruments).
अनेकरूपकार्याणि यन्त्राणि विविधान्यतः
विकल्प्य कल्पयेद्बुद्धया
yantras (instruments) are of
· many shapes,
· functions,
· types,
hence they are to be fabricated and to be prepared with intelligence.
यथास्थूलं तु वक्ष्यते
तुल्यानि कङ्कसिंहर्क्षकाकादिमृगपक्षिणाम्
मुखैर्मुखानि यन्त्राणां कुर्यात् तत्संज्ञकानि च
yantras are described in brief, as follows;
those which have their mouth resembling the mouth of
· kanka (heron),
· simha (lion),
· rksha (bear),
· kaka (crow)
· and other animals and birds
should be prepared under the respective names of animals and birds;
1. SWASTIKA YANTRA – CRUCIFORM INSTRUMENTS –
अष्टादशाङ्गुलायामान्यायसानि च भूरिशः
मसूराकार-पर्यन्तैः कण्ठे बद्धानि कीलकेः
विद्यात्स्वस्तिकत्रयाणि मूले अङ्कुशनतानि च
तैर्द्दृढैरस्थिसंलग्रशल्याहरणमिष्यते
swsatika yantras should be generally
1. 18 angula- fingers breadth –in length,
2. they are made chiefly from iron;
3. they are shaped like a masura dala (cotyledon of a lentil) at its edges,
4. held by a rivet bolt at their neck,
5. slightly bent like an ankusha (goad of the elephant) at its handle.
Use
these are useful to pull out foreign bodies stuck hard in the bones
2.SAMDAMSHA YANTRA –संदंश यन्त्र
कीलकद्धविमुक्ताग्रौ सन्दंषौ षोडश अङ्गुलौ
त्वक् शिरास्नायु पिशित लग्न शल्यापकर्षणौ
षडङ्गुलोअन्यो हरणे सूक्ष्मशल्योपपक्ष्मणाम्
FORCEPS ARE OF TWO TYPES –
a. one with a catch at its tip and
b. the other without a catch.
· the one with a catch is
· 16 angula length,
· used for extracting foreign bodies stuck up in the
· skin,
· veins,
· tendons
· `muscles.;
the one without a catch is
· 6 angula in length and
· useful for extracting small foreign bodies and eye lashes
3.MUCHUNDI YANTRA – FORCEPS WITH TEETH/
मुचुण्डी यन्त्र
मुचुण्डी सूक्ष्मदन्तर्जुमूले रुचकभूषणा
गम्भीरव्रण मांसानां अर्मणःशोषितस्य च
· has small teeth,
· straight,
· with tooth catch ,
· hook at its root;
· useful for
· pulling out the fleshy parts from deep wounds and
· remnants of flesh from the arma (pterygium), which has been cut.
4. TALAYANTRA- INSTRUMENTS WITH FLAT ARMS
ताल यन्त्र
द्वे दशाङ्गुले मत्स्यतालवत् द्वयेकतालके
तालयन्त्रे स्मृते कर्णनाडीशल्यापहारिणी
a. are of two types-
b. 12 angula length,
c. resembling the palate (fin) of the fish in shape,
d. with one flat disc at its mouth;
e. with two flat disc;
f. both are useful for removing foreign bodies from the orifice of the ear
5. NADIYANTRA – TUBULAR INSTRUMENTS (PROBE)
नाडी यन्त्र
नाडीयन्त्राणि सुषिराणि एकानेकमुखानि च
स्रोतोगतानां शल्यानां आमयानां च दर्शने
क्रियाणां सुकरत्वाय कुर्यात् आचूषणाय च
तद्धिस्तार परिणाह दैर्घ्यं स्रोतोनुरोधतः
1. are hollow,
2. with one or more opening,
3. useful for looking into body parts,
4. recognizing foreign bodies and diseases localized in the channels of the tissues,
5. for facilitating treatments
6. and for sucking out.
7. Their width, perimeter vary as per size, shape etc. of the channels.
Nadi yantra for seeing inside throat
दशाङ्गुला अर्धनाहा अन्तः कण्ठशल्यावलोकिनीनाडी
1. shall be 10 angula in length and
2. ½ angula in thickness diameter.
पञ्चमुखच्छिद्रा चतुष्कर्णस्य सङ्ग्रहे
वारङ्गस्य, द्विकर्णस्य त्रिच्छिद्रा तत्प्रमाणतः
nadi yantra comes with many openings (4 – 5) with different size, length, thickness etc
The tubular instrument with the five splits to hold the arrow with the 4 ears
other with three split mouths to hold the arrow with the ears of the arrow
size, length, thickness of these instruments suitable to the size of the arrow
वारङ्गकर्णसंस्थानानाह्दैर्ष्यानुरोधतः
नादिरेवंविधाश्चान्या दृष्टं शल्यानि कारयेत्
many other tubular instruments may be prepared to observe the foreign bodies, depending on the shape, thickness and length of the part to be observed
THE TUBULAR INSTRUMENT HAVING THE SHAPE OF PADMA KARNIKA
पद्मकर्णिकया मूर्ध्नि सदृशी द्वादशाङ्गुला
चतुर्थसुषिरा नाडी शल्यनिर्घातिनी मता
1. the round, flat central part of the lotus studded with small holes- at its top,
2. twelve angula – finger breath in length , with a hollow area of one fourth – it length
3. is useful for catching and removing the foreign body.
6. ARSHO YANTRA- THE INSTRUMENT TO VIEW THE HEMORRHOID INSIDE THE RECTUM.
अर्शसां गोस्तनाकारं यन्त्रकं चतुरङ्गुलम्
नाहे पञ्चाङ्गुलं पुंसां प्रमदानां षडङ्गुलम्
द्विच्छिद्रं दर्शने व्याधेरेकच्छिद्रं तु कर्मणि
मध्येअस्य त्रयङ्गुलं छिद्रमङ्गुष्टोदरविस्तृतम्
अर्धाङ्गुलो च्छ्रितोद्धत्तकर्णिकं च तदूर्ध्वतः
1. it has cylindrical shape.
2. its circumference is 5 angula in men and 6 angula for women;
3. with two orifices- one at each end,
4. useful for seeing the pile masses and
5. with one slit shall be at its centre
6. three angula in length
7. and of the size of the middle portion of the thumb in widths,
8. about half angula above the slit three shall be a karnuka – edge, (rim)
7.SAMIYANTRA
शम्याख्यं ताद्रुगच्छिद्रं यन्त्रमर्शः प्रपीडनम्
· the instrument known as samiyantra is similar- to the above
· but without the orifices
· and useful for squeezing the pile masses.
सर्वथा अपनयेदोष्ठं छिद्रादूर्ध्वं भगन्दरे
in the instrument for use in rectal fistula, the lip of the instrument above the slit should not be present at all
8. THE NADIYANTRA TO SEE THE MALIGNANT TUMOR AND PILES, POLYP OF THE NOSE
घ्राणार्बुदार्शसामेकच्छिद्रा नाङ्ग्यङ्गुलद्वया
प्रदेशिनीपरीणाहा स्याद्भगन्दरयन्त्रवत्
· shall be with one orifice,
· two angula in length ,
· of the size of the index finger in thickness
· and resembling the instrument meant for rectal fistula.
9. ANGULI TRANAKA- FINGER PROTECTOR –
अङ्गुलित्राणकं दान्तं वार्क्षं वा चतुरङ्गुलम्
द्विच्छिद्रं गोस्तनाकारं तद्वक्त्रविवृतौ सुखम्
1. is made from ivory / wood,
2. 4 angula in length,
3. with 2 orifices- one at each end;
4. shaped like the nipple of the cow
5. and suitable to extend the finger (when in use).
10. THE INSTRUMENT TO LOOK INTO THE VAGINA AND WOUNDS
योनिव्रणेक्षणं मध्ये सुषिरं षोडशाङ्गुलम्
मुद्राभद्धं चतुर्भित्तमम्भोजमुकुलाननम्
चतुः शलाकामाक्रान्तं मूले तद्विकसेन्मुखे
11. TWO INSTRUMENT- ONE FOR OILING THE SINUS ULCER AND THE OTHER FOR WASHING IT
यन्त्रे नाडीव्रणाभ्यङ्गक्षालनाय षडङ्गुले
बस्तियन्त्राकृती मूले मुखे अङ्गुष्ठकलायखे
अग्रतो अकर्णिके मूले निबद्धमृदुचर्मणी
· shall be 6 angula in length,
· having the shape of a bastiyantra (enema nozzle)
· with an orifice at its root allowing the entry of the thumb and
· the orifice at its tip allowing round pea;
· without any edge,
· rim at its tip
· and fixed with soft leather bag at its root.
12. NADIYANTRA FOR USE IN UDAKODARA- ASCITES
द्विदवारा नलिका पिच्छनलिका वोदकोदरे
धूमबस्त्यादियन्त्राणि निर्दिष्टानि यथायथम्
· shall have two orifices-
· one at each end
· or it can be even the tube of a peacocks feather.
13. THE SHRINGA- ANIMAL HORN
त्रयङ्गुलास्यं भवेच्छ्रुङ्गं चूषणे अष्टादशाङ्गुलम्
अग्रं सिद्धार्थकच्छिद्रं सुनन्द्धं चुचुकाकृति
· useful to suck
· shall have the orifice of three angula at its root
· and that of mustard seed at the tip,
· eighteen angula in length.
· the tip resembles the shape of nipple.
14. ALABU- THE HOLLOWED GOURD
स्या द्वादशाङ्गुलो अलाबुर्नाहे तु अष्टा दशाङ्गुलः
चतुस्रयअङ्गुल वृत्तास्यो दीप्तो अन्तः श्लेष्म रक्तक्रुत्
· will be twelve angula in length
· and eighteen angula in diameter
· with a round orifice of four angula – in which, with a burning wick placed in its interior,
· useful for extracting kapha and raktha- blood.
note –
the procedure explained in alabu yantra is called as cupping.
· whenever vitiated blood or pus is to be extracted from a wound / ulcer, alabu yantra is placed over the affected area and heated from outside.
· it expands, causing vacuum inside.
· this causes sucking action
· and the pus / vitiated blood gets sucked out.
15. GHATI- POT
तद्वद्घटी हिता गुल्मविलयोन्नमने च सा
· is similar and useful for making the tumors of the abdomen soft and raise it above from its low level.
16. SHALAKA YANTRA – SET OF INSTRUMENTS WITH ROD LIKE SHAPE
शलाकाख्यानि यन्त्राणि नानाकर्माकृतीनि च
यथायोगप्रमाणानि तेषामेषणकर्मणि
· rod like instruments are of many functions and shapes and size
· suitable to be purpose for which they are used.
उभे गण्डूपदमुखे स्रोतोभ्यः शल्यहारिणी
मसूरदलवक्त्रे द्वे स्यात्तामष्टनवाङ्गुले
Of them,
· two are for probing,
· both having their mouth resembling that of an earth worm;
· two for removing foreign bodies from the channels
· having their mouths resembling a lentil,
· one of eight
· and the other of nine angula in length.
17. SHANKU YANTRA – HOOKS
शङ्कवः षट् उभौ तेषां षोडशद्वादशाङ्गुलौ
व्यूहने अहिफणावक्त्रौ द्वौ दशद्वादशाङ्गुलौ
चालने शरपुङ्खास्यौ आहार्ये बडिशाकृती
· are six,
· among them two,
· (16 and 12 angula in length),
· their mouth shaped like the hood of a serpent,
· are meant for joining (the edges of wounds etc);
· two more-
· one of twelve and the other of ten angula in length,
· having the mouth resembling a sharapunkha (bottom of arrow)
· meant for loosening the hard objects that are to be extracted.
· the size resembles a fish hook.
नतो अग्रे शङ्कुना तुल्यो गर्भशङ्कुरीति स्मृतः
अष्टाङ्गुलायतस्तेन मूढगर्भं हरेत्स्त्रियाः
· the hook
· known as garbhashanku,
· is bent in its tip resembling a conch,
· 18 angula in length
· and meant for pulling the impacted foetus in women.
18. INSTRUMENT FOR EXTRACTING THE STONE FROM THE URINARY BLADDER
अश्मर्यहरणं सर्पफणाबद्धकमग्रतः
· shall be shaped like the hood of a snake
· and bent inwards at its tip.
19. INSTRUMENT FOR EXTRACTING THE TOOTH
शरपुङ्खमुखं दन्तपातनं चतुरङ्गुलम्
· should have the shape of sharapunkha (base of arrow)
· and is of four angula – in length.
20. THE ROD- LIKE INSTRUMENTS MEANT FOR CLEARING SINUSES ETC.
कार्पासविहितोष्णीषाः शालाकाः षट् प्रमार्जने
· shall have their tip covered with a cap of cotton wool.
21. TWO OTHERS NADI YANTRA (ROD LIKE INSTRUMENTS)-
पायावासन्नदुरार्थे द्वे दशाद्वादशाङ्गुले
· one of 10
· and other of12 angula- in length
· meant for drawing the rectum near – by closing the things and extending it farther.
द्वे षट्सप्ताङ्गुले घ्राणे, द्वे कर्णे अष्टनवाङ्गुले
· two other instruments, of six and seven angula respectively for use in the nose;
· two of eight and nine angula for use in the ears.
22. THAT MEANT FOR CLEARING THE EAR,
कर्णशोधनमश्वत्थपत्रप्रान्तं स्रुवाननम्
· with its edge like the leaf of the ashwattha tree
· and face resembling a ladle.
23. JAMBAUVOSHTA- CYLINDRICAL SMOOTH STONES-
शलाकाजाम्बवौष्ठानां क्षारे अग्नौ च प्रथक् त्रयम्
युञ्ज्यात् स्थूलाणुदीर्घाणां
· each three in number,
· thick, thin and long in shape
· be used for the application of caustic alkalies and branding by fire – therapies.
24. THAT MEANT FOR USE IN INTERNATIONAL HERNIA- IN THE SCROTUM
शलाकामन्त्रवर्ध्मनि
मध्योर्ध्ववृत्तदण्डां च मूले चार्धेन्दुसन्निभाम्
· shall have a round rod,
· bigger at its middle and upper portion
· and its root shaped like the half moon
25. INSTRUMENT MEANT FOR CAUTERIZING THE POLYP AND TUMORS OF THE NOSE
कोलास्थिदलतुल्यास्या नासार्शेर्बुददाहकृत्
· shall have its mouth similar to the cotyledon of the stone of kola- jujube fruit.
अष्टाङ्गुला निम्नमुभास्तिस्रः क्षारौषधक्रमे
कनीनीमध्यमानामीनखमानसमैर्मुखैः
· the tree for applying caustic alkali therapy shall be eight angula- in length,
· their mouths –tips resembling the nails of the index, middle and ring finger- in size respectively.
स्वंस्वमुक्तानि यन्त्राणि मेढ्रशुद्ध्यञ्जनादिषु
those meant for clearing the penis / urethra and applying eye salve has been described at relevant places
to be continued
26. ANU YANTRA- ACCESSORY INSTRUMENTS:-
अनुयन्त्राण्ययस्कान्तरज्जुवस्त्राश्ममुद्गराः
वध्नाश्वजिह्वाबालाश्च शाखानखमुखद्विजाः
कालः पाकः करः पदो भयं हर्षश्च, तत्क्रियाः
उपायवित्प्रविभजेदालोच्य निपुणं धिया
accessory instruments are –
1. the magnet,
2. rope/ thread ,
3. cloth,
4. stone,
5. hammer,
6. leather strap,
7. intenstine- of animals,
8. tongue,
9. hair,
10.branches of trees,
11.nails
12. mouth,
13.teeth,
14.time,
15.digestion
16.hands,
17.feet,
18.fear
19. and pleasure.
they are used judiciously based on the assessment of disease and the patient.
DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS OF YANTRA –
निर्घातनोन्मथनपूरणमार्गशुद्धिसंव्यूह्नाहरणबन्धनपीडनानि
आचूषणोन्नमननाममचालमङ्गव्यावर्तनर्जुकरणानि च यन्त्रकर्मे
1. nirghatana- pulling out after crushing,
2. unmathana- pulling out after twisting,
3. poorana- filling,
4. marga shuddhi- clearing the passage,
5. vyuhana- bringing together,
6. aharana – extracting,
7. bandhana- binding,
8. peedana- rubbing,
9. achushana – sucking,
10.unnamana- lifting up,
11.namana- pushing down, bending down
12.chalana- shaking,
13.bhanga- breaking,
14.vyavartana- overturning,
15.rjukarana- straightening etc. are the functions of the yantras
BEST BLUNT INSTRUMENT - kankamukha yantra
विवर्तते साध्ववगाहते च ग्राह्यं गृहीत्वोद्धरते च यस्मात्
यग्त्रेष्वतः कङ्कमुखं प्रधानं स्थानेषु सर्वष्वधिकारि यच्च
among the blunt instruments kankamukha yantra, is the best as
· it can be twisted easily,
· dipped deep,
· can be held firmly,
· catches the objects firmly and
· is the authority in all places.
· it is indispensable.
नानाविधानं शल्यानां नानादेश प्रबाधिनाम्
आहर्तुमभ्युपायो यस्तत् यन्त्रं यच्च दर्शने
अर्शो भगन्दरादीनां शस्त्रक्षाराग्नियोजने
शेषाङ्गपरिरक्षायां तथा बस्त्यादिकर्मणि-
घटिकालाबुशृङ्गं च जाम्बवौष्टादिकानि
Equipments which are useful to
· extract the different types of foreign bodies causing pain in different parts of the body,
· to look into hemorrhoids, rectal fistula etc.
· to apply sharp instruments, alkalies (kshara) and fire (agni karma);
· to protect the remaining parts other than the diseased in therapies like enema etc,
· and the pot (ghatika), ground horn (alabu) of animal, jambavaustha- cylindrical smooth stone etc.
are all known as yantra (medical instruments).
अनेकरूपकार्याणि यन्त्राणि विविधान्यतः
विकल्प्य कल्पयेद्बुद्धया
yantras (instruments) are of
· many shapes,
· functions,
· types,
hence they are to be fabricated and to be prepared with intelligence.
यथास्थूलं तु वक्ष्यते
तुल्यानि कङ्कसिंहर्क्षकाकादिमृगपक्षिणाम्
मुखैर्मुखानि यन्त्राणां कुर्यात् तत्संज्ञकानि च
yantras are described in brief, as follows;
those which have their mouth resembling the mouth of
· kanka (heron),
· simha (lion),
· rksha (bear),
· kaka (crow)
· and other animals and birds
should be prepared under the respective names of animals and birds;
1. SWASTIKA YANTRA – CRUCIFORM INSTRUMENTS –
अष्टादशाङ्गुलायामान्यायसानि च भूरिशः
मसूराकार-पर्यन्तैः कण्ठे बद्धानि कीलकेः
विद्यात्स्वस्तिकत्रयाणि मूले अङ्कुशनतानि च
तैर्द्दृढैरस्थिसंलग्रशल्याहरणमिष्यते
swsatika yantras should be generally
1. 18 angula- fingers breadth –in length,
2. they are made chiefly from iron;
3. they are shaped like a masura dala (cotyledon of a lentil) at its edges,
4. held by a rivet bolt at their neck,
5. slightly bent like an ankusha (goad of the elephant) at its handle.
Use
these are useful to pull out foreign bodies stuck hard in the bones
2.SAMDAMSHA YANTRA –संदंश यन्त्र
कीलकद्धविमुक्ताग्रौ सन्दंषौ षोडश अङ्गुलौ
त्वक् शिरास्नायु पिशित लग्न शल्यापकर्षणौ
षडङ्गुलोअन्यो हरणे सूक्ष्मशल्योपपक्ष्मणाम्
FORCEPS ARE OF TWO TYPES –
a. one with a catch at its tip and
b. the other without a catch.
· the one with a catch is
· 16 angula length,
· used for extracting foreign bodies stuck up in the
· skin,
· veins,
· tendons
· `muscles.;
the one without a catch is
· 6 angula in length and
· useful for extracting small foreign bodies and eye lashes
3.MUCHUNDI YANTRA – FORCEPS WITH TEETH/
मुचुण्डी यन्त्र
मुचुण्डी सूक्ष्मदन्तर्जुमूले रुचकभूषणा
गम्भीरव्रण मांसानां अर्मणःशोषितस्य च
· has small teeth,
· straight,
· with tooth catch ,
· hook at its root;
· useful for
· pulling out the fleshy parts from deep wounds and
· remnants of flesh from the arma (pterygium), which has been cut.
4. TALAYANTRA- INSTRUMENTS WITH FLAT ARMS
ताल यन्त्र
द्वे दशाङ्गुले मत्स्यतालवत् द्वयेकतालके
तालयन्त्रे स्मृते कर्णनाडीशल्यापहारिणी
a. are of two types-
b. 12 angula length,
c. resembling the palate (fin) of the fish in shape,
d. with one flat disc at its mouth;
e. with two flat disc;
f. both are useful for removing foreign bodies from the orifice of the ear
5. NADIYANTRA – TUBULAR INSTRUMENTS (PROBE)
नाडी यन्त्र
नाडीयन्त्राणि सुषिराणि एकानेकमुखानि च
स्रोतोगतानां शल्यानां आमयानां च दर्शने
क्रियाणां सुकरत्वाय कुर्यात् आचूषणाय च
तद्धिस्तार परिणाह दैर्घ्यं स्रोतोनुरोधतः
1. are hollow,
2. with one or more opening,
3. useful for looking into body parts,
4. recognizing foreign bodies and diseases localized in the channels of the tissues,
5. for facilitating treatments
6. and for sucking out.
7. Their width, perimeter vary as per size, shape etc. of the channels.
Nadi yantra for seeing inside throat
दशाङ्गुला अर्धनाहा अन्तः कण्ठशल्यावलोकिनीनाडी
1. shall be 10 angula in length and
2. ½ angula in thickness diameter.
पञ्चमुखच्छिद्रा चतुष्कर्णस्य सङ्ग्रहे
वारङ्गस्य, द्विकर्णस्य त्रिच्छिद्रा तत्प्रमाणतः
nadi yantra comes with many openings (4 – 5) with different size, length, thickness etc
The tubular instrument with the five splits to hold the arrow with the 4 ears
other with three split mouths to hold the arrow with the ears of the arrow
size, length, thickness of these instruments suitable to the size of the arrow
वारङ्गकर्णसंस्थानानाह्दैर्ष्यानुरोधतः
नादिरेवंविधाश्चान्या दृष्टं शल्यानि कारयेत्
many other tubular instruments may be prepared to observe the foreign bodies, depending on the shape, thickness and length of the part to be observed
THE TUBULAR INSTRUMENT HAVING THE SHAPE OF PADMA KARNIKA
पद्मकर्णिकया मूर्ध्नि सदृशी द्वादशाङ्गुला
चतुर्थसुषिरा नाडी शल्यनिर्घातिनी मता
1. the round, flat central part of the lotus studded with small holes- at its top,
2. twelve angula – finger breath in length , with a hollow area of one fourth – it length
3. is useful for catching and removing the foreign body.
6. ARSHO YANTRA- THE INSTRUMENT TO VIEW THE HEMORRHOID INSIDE THE RECTUM.
अर्शसां गोस्तनाकारं यन्त्रकं चतुरङ्गुलम्
नाहे पञ्चाङ्गुलं पुंसां प्रमदानां षडङ्गुलम्
द्विच्छिद्रं दर्शने व्याधेरेकच्छिद्रं तु कर्मणि
मध्येअस्य त्रयङ्गुलं छिद्रमङ्गुष्टोदरविस्तृतम्
अर्धाङ्गुलो च्छ्रितोद्धत्तकर्णिकं च तदूर्ध्वतः
1. it has cylindrical shape.
2. its circumference is 5 angula in men and 6 angula for women;
3. with two orifices- one at each end,
4. useful for seeing the pile masses and
5. with one slit shall be at its centre
6. three angula in length
7. and of the size of the middle portion of the thumb in widths,
8. about half angula above the slit three shall be a karnuka – edge, (rim)
7.SAMIYANTRA
शम्याख्यं ताद्रुगच्छिद्रं यन्त्रमर्शः प्रपीडनम्
· the instrument known as samiyantra is similar- to the above
· but without the orifices
· and useful for squeezing the pile masses.
सर्वथा अपनयेदोष्ठं छिद्रादूर्ध्वं भगन्दरे
in the instrument for use in rectal fistula, the lip of the instrument above the slit should not be present at all
8. THE NADIYANTRA TO SEE THE MALIGNANT TUMOR AND PILES, POLYP OF THE NOSE
घ्राणार्बुदार्शसामेकच्छिद्रा नाङ्ग्यङ्गुलद्वया
प्रदेशिनीपरीणाहा स्याद्भगन्दरयन्त्रवत्
· shall be with one orifice,
· two angula in length ,
· of the size of the index finger in thickness
· and resembling the instrument meant for rectal fistula.
9. ANGULI TRANAKA- FINGER PROTECTOR –
अङ्गुलित्राणकं दान्तं वार्क्षं वा चतुरङ्गुलम्
द्विच्छिद्रं गोस्तनाकारं तद्वक्त्रविवृतौ सुखम्
1. is made from ivory / wood,
2. 4 angula in length,
3. with 2 orifices- one at each end;
4. shaped like the nipple of the cow
5. and suitable to extend the finger (when in use).
10. THE INSTRUMENT TO LOOK INTO THE VAGINA AND WOUNDS
योनिव्रणेक्षणं मध्ये सुषिरं षोडशाङ्गुलम्
मुद्राभद्धं चतुर्भित्तमम्भोजमुकुलाननम्
चतुः शलाकामाक्रान्तं मूले तद्विकसेन्मुखे
- shall be hollow in the middle,
- 16 Angula in length,
- with four flaps
- held tight by a ring, resembling the bud of a lotus in shape,
- fixed with four rods at its root – handling place
- and its mouth- opening like of the bud,.
11. TWO INSTRUMENT- ONE FOR OILING THE SINUS ULCER AND THE OTHER FOR WASHING IT
यन्त्रे नाडीव्रणाभ्यङ्गक्षालनाय षडङ्गुले
बस्तियन्त्राकृती मूले मुखे अङ्गुष्ठकलायखे
अग्रतो अकर्णिके मूले निबद्धमृदुचर्मणी
· shall be 6 angula in length,
· having the shape of a bastiyantra (enema nozzle)
· with an orifice at its root allowing the entry of the thumb and
· the orifice at its tip allowing round pea;
· without any edge,
· rim at its tip
· and fixed with soft leather bag at its root.
12. NADIYANTRA FOR USE IN UDAKODARA- ASCITES
द्विदवारा नलिका पिच्छनलिका वोदकोदरे
धूमबस्त्यादियन्त्राणि निर्दिष्टानि यथायथम्
· shall have two orifices-
· one at each end
· or it can be even the tube of a peacocks feather.
13. THE SHRINGA- ANIMAL HORN
त्रयङ्गुलास्यं भवेच्छ्रुङ्गं चूषणे अष्टादशाङ्गुलम्
अग्रं सिद्धार्थकच्छिद्रं सुनन्द्धं चुचुकाकृति
· useful to suck
· shall have the orifice of three angula at its root
· and that of mustard seed at the tip,
· eighteen angula in length.
· the tip resembles the shape of nipple.
14. ALABU- THE HOLLOWED GOURD
स्या द्वादशाङ्गुलो अलाबुर्नाहे तु अष्टा दशाङ्गुलः
चतुस्रयअङ्गुल वृत्तास्यो दीप्तो अन्तः श्लेष्म रक्तक्रुत्
· will be twelve angula in length
· and eighteen angula in diameter
· with a round orifice of four angula – in which, with a burning wick placed in its interior,
· useful for extracting kapha and raktha- blood.
note –
the procedure explained in alabu yantra is called as cupping.
· whenever vitiated blood or pus is to be extracted from a wound / ulcer, alabu yantra is placed over the affected area and heated from outside.
· it expands, causing vacuum inside.
· this causes sucking action
· and the pus / vitiated blood gets sucked out.
15. GHATI- POT
तद्वद्घटी हिता गुल्मविलयोन्नमने च सा
· is similar and useful for making the tumors of the abdomen soft and raise it above from its low level.
16. SHALAKA YANTRA – SET OF INSTRUMENTS WITH ROD LIKE SHAPE
शलाकाख्यानि यन्त्राणि नानाकर्माकृतीनि च
यथायोगप्रमाणानि तेषामेषणकर्मणि
· rod like instruments are of many functions and shapes and size
· suitable to be purpose for which they are used.
उभे गण्डूपदमुखे स्रोतोभ्यः शल्यहारिणी
मसूरदलवक्त्रे द्वे स्यात्तामष्टनवाङ्गुले
Of them,
· two are for probing,
· both having their mouth resembling that of an earth worm;
· two for removing foreign bodies from the channels
· having their mouths resembling a lentil,
· one of eight
· and the other of nine angula in length.
17. SHANKU YANTRA – HOOKS
शङ्कवः षट् उभौ तेषां षोडशद्वादशाङ्गुलौ
व्यूहने अहिफणावक्त्रौ द्वौ दशद्वादशाङ्गुलौ
चालने शरपुङ्खास्यौ आहार्ये बडिशाकृती
· are six,
· among them two,
· (16 and 12 angula in length),
· their mouth shaped like the hood of a serpent,
· are meant for joining (the edges of wounds etc);
· two more-
· one of twelve and the other of ten angula in length,
· having the mouth resembling a sharapunkha (bottom of arrow)
· meant for loosening the hard objects that are to be extracted.
· the size resembles a fish hook.
नतो अग्रे शङ्कुना तुल्यो गर्भशङ्कुरीति स्मृतः
अष्टाङ्गुलायतस्तेन मूढगर्भं हरेत्स्त्रियाः
· the hook
· known as garbhashanku,
· is bent in its tip resembling a conch,
· 18 angula in length
· and meant for pulling the impacted foetus in women.
18. INSTRUMENT FOR EXTRACTING THE STONE FROM THE URINARY BLADDER
अश्मर्यहरणं सर्पफणाबद्धकमग्रतः
· shall be shaped like the hood of a snake
· and bent inwards at its tip.
19. INSTRUMENT FOR EXTRACTING THE TOOTH
शरपुङ्खमुखं दन्तपातनं चतुरङ्गुलम्
· should have the shape of sharapunkha (base of arrow)
· and is of four angula – in length.
20. THE ROD- LIKE INSTRUMENTS MEANT FOR CLEARING SINUSES ETC.
कार्पासविहितोष्णीषाः शालाकाः षट् प्रमार्जने
· shall have their tip covered with a cap of cotton wool.
21. TWO OTHERS NADI YANTRA (ROD LIKE INSTRUMENTS)-
पायावासन्नदुरार्थे द्वे दशाद्वादशाङ्गुले
· one of 10
· and other of12 angula- in length
· meant for drawing the rectum near – by closing the things and extending it farther.
द्वे षट्सप्ताङ्गुले घ्राणे, द्वे कर्णे अष्टनवाङ्गुले
· two other instruments, of six and seven angula respectively for use in the nose;
· two of eight and nine angula for use in the ears.
22. THAT MEANT FOR CLEARING THE EAR,
कर्णशोधनमश्वत्थपत्रप्रान्तं स्रुवाननम्
· with its edge like the leaf of the ashwattha tree
· and face resembling a ladle.
23. JAMBAUVOSHTA- CYLINDRICAL SMOOTH STONES-
शलाकाजाम्बवौष्ठानां क्षारे अग्नौ च प्रथक् त्रयम्
युञ्ज्यात् स्थूलाणुदीर्घाणां
· each three in number,
· thick, thin and long in shape
· be used for the application of caustic alkalies and branding by fire – therapies.
24. THAT MEANT FOR USE IN INTERNATIONAL HERNIA- IN THE SCROTUM
शलाकामन्त्रवर्ध्मनि
मध्योर्ध्ववृत्तदण्डां च मूले चार्धेन्दुसन्निभाम्
· shall have a round rod,
· bigger at its middle and upper portion
· and its root shaped like the half moon
25. INSTRUMENT MEANT FOR CAUTERIZING THE POLYP AND TUMORS OF THE NOSE
कोलास्थिदलतुल्यास्या नासार्शेर्बुददाहकृत्
· shall have its mouth similar to the cotyledon of the stone of kola- jujube fruit.
अष्टाङ्गुला निम्नमुभास्तिस्रः क्षारौषधक्रमे
कनीनीमध्यमानामीनखमानसमैर्मुखैः
· the tree for applying caustic alkali therapy shall be eight angula- in length,
· their mouths –tips resembling the nails of the index, middle and ring finger- in size respectively.
स्वंस्वमुक्तानि यन्त्राणि मेढ्रशुद्ध्यञ्जनादिषु
those meant for clearing the penis / urethra and applying eye salve has been described at relevant places
to be continued
26. ANU YANTRA- ACCESSORY INSTRUMENTS:-
अनुयन्त्राण्ययस्कान्तरज्जुवस्त्राश्ममुद्गराः
वध्नाश्वजिह्वाबालाश्च शाखानखमुखद्विजाः
कालः पाकः करः पदो भयं हर्षश्च, तत्क्रियाः
उपायवित्प्रविभजेदालोच्य निपुणं धिया
accessory instruments are –
1. the magnet,
2. rope/ thread ,
3. cloth,
4. stone,
5. hammer,
6. leather strap,
7. intenstine- of animals,
8. tongue,
9. hair,
10.branches of trees,
11.nails
12. mouth,
13.teeth,
14.time,
15.digestion
16.hands,
17.feet,
18.fear
19. and pleasure.
they are used judiciously based on the assessment of disease and the patient.
DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS OF YANTRA –
निर्घातनोन्मथनपूरणमार्गशुद्धिसंव्यूह्नाहरणबन्धनपीडनानि
आचूषणोन्नमननाममचालमङ्गव्यावर्तनर्जुकरणानि च यन्त्रकर्मे
1. nirghatana- pulling out after crushing,
2. unmathana- pulling out after twisting,
3. poorana- filling,
4. marga shuddhi- clearing the passage,
5. vyuhana- bringing together,
6. aharana – extracting,
7. bandhana- binding,
8. peedana- rubbing,
9. achushana – sucking,
10.unnamana- lifting up,
11.namana- pushing down, bending down
12.chalana- shaking,
13.bhanga- breaking,
14.vyavartana- overturning,
15.rjukarana- straightening etc. are the functions of the yantras
BEST BLUNT INSTRUMENT - kankamukha yantra
विवर्तते साध्ववगाहते च ग्राह्यं गृहीत्वोद्धरते च यस्मात्
यग्त्रेष्वतः कङ्कमुखं प्रधानं स्थानेषु सर्वष्वधिकारि यच्च
among the blunt instruments kankamukha yantra, is the best as
· it can be twisted easily,
· dipped deep,
· can be held firmly,
· catches the objects firmly and
· is the authority in all places.
· it is indispensable.
No comments:
Post a Comment