17. SVEDA VIDHI / SUDATION THERAPY
SVEDA PRAKARA / KINDS OF SUDATION
स्वेदस्तापोपनोहोष्मद्रवभेदाच्चतुर्विधः
स्वेद is of 4 kinds
1. tapa / fomentation
2. upanaha / warm poultice
3. ushma / warm steam
4. drava / pouring of warm liquid.
1. TAPA / FOMENTATION
तापोअग्नितप्त वसनफालहस्ततलादिभिः
is done by
touching the affected part of the body with heated अग्नितप्त
· वसन - cloth,
· फाल - metal plate,
· हस्ततलादिभिः - palm of the hand etc
2. UPANAHA / WARM POULTICE
उपनाहो वचा किण्वशताहवादेवदारुभिः
धान्यैः समस्तैः गन्धैश्च रास्ना एरण्ड जटामिषैः
is application of poultice
prepared from
- वचा - vacha (acorus calamus),
- किण्व - kinva-yeast,
- शताहवा - shatahva (dill),
- देवदारुभिः - devadaru – cedrus deodara) etc.
- धान्यैः - any kind of grains,
- समस्तैः गन्धैश्च - all substances having pleasant smell,
- roots of रास्ना / rasna (pluchea lanceolata) and एरण्ड / castor (eranda);
- आमिषैः or meat;
SALVANA UPANAHA
उद्रिक्तलवणैः स्नेहचुक्रतक्रपयः प्लुतैः
केवले पवने, श्लेष्मसंस्रुष्टे सुरसादिभिः
पित्तेन पद्मकाध्यैस्तु साल्वणाख्यैः पुनः पुनः
in increase of vata
each one added with more of
· लवणैः - salt,
· स्नेह - fats-oil ghee etc.
· चुक्र - chukra- vinegar,
· तक्र - takra-buttermilk
· पयः - milk.
in increase of vata associated with sleshma / kapha
- drugs of सुरसादि / surasaadi gana
in increase of vata associated with pitta
- drugs of padmakadi / पद्मकादि gana
these poultices are known as salvana upnaha.
should be applied often
method of applying the poultice
स्निग्धोष्ण वीर्यं मृदुभिश्चर्म पट्टैरपूतिभिः
अलाभे वतजित्पत्रकौशेयाविकशाटकैः
after applying the poultice,
1. the part of the body should be bandaged with soft piece of leather
· which does not have bad smell,
· which has been oiled;
2. it should be slightly warmed and tied;
if leather is not available,
· leaves of plants which balance vata,
· silk cloth,
· or woolen cloth
may be used;
बन्धं रात्रौ दिवा मुञ्चेन्मुञ्चेद्रात्रौ दिवाकृतम्
· poultice tied during night should be removed during day
· that tied during day should be removed during night.
3. USHMA / WARM STEAM
ऊष्मा तूत्कारिकालोष्ट कपालोपलपांसुभिः
पत्रभङ्गेन धान्येन करीषसिकतातुषैः
अनेकोपायसन्तप्तैः प्रयोज्यो देशकालतः
the steam of the hot substance is directed towards the affected body part.
steam may be obtained by
1. उत्कारिका - utkarika- (boiling grains, pulses, seeds etc).
2. लोष्ट - stones,
3. कपालो- pebbles,
4. पांसुभिः - mud,
5. पत्रभङ्गेन- leaves pieces,
6. धान्येन - grains,
7. करीषसिकता - dried dung of animals like cow, sheep, goat etc, sand,
8. तुषैः - husk etc
heated well in different ways
and administered warm as appropriate to the region and season
4. DRAVA / POURING OF WARM LIQUID.
शिग्रुवारणकैरण्डकरञ्जसुरसार्जकात्
शिरीषवासांवशार्क मालती दीर्घवृन्ततः
पत्रंमङ्गैर्वचाध्यैश्च मांसैश्चानूपवारिजैः
दशमूलेन च पृथक् सहितेर्वा यथामलम्
स्नेहवद्भिः सुराशुक्तवारिक्षीरादिसाधितैः
कुम्भीर्गलन्तीर्नाडीर्वा पूरयित्वा रुजार्दितंम्
वाससा अच्छादितं गात्रं स्निग्धं सिञ्चेत्यथासुखम्
A.is prepared by boiling bits of leaves of
1. शिग्रु - drumstick,
2. वारणक - varanaka ,
3. एरण्ड - eranda – (castor – ricinus communis),
4. करञ्ज - karanja,
5. सुरस - surasa,
6. अर्जकात् - arjaka,
7. शिरीष - shireesa,
8. वाशा - vasa ,
9. वम्शा - vamsha,
10.अर्क - arka,
11.मालती - malati (jasmine) or
12.दीर्घवृन्ततः - dirghavrinta,
13. वचाध्यैश्च - with drugs of vachadigana –
B. मांसैश्चानूपवारिजैः - meat of animals of marshy land and of those living in water,
C. दशमूलेन च पृथक् सहितेर्वा - drugs of dashamula, each one separately or all together,
D. यथामलम् स्नेहवद्भिः - mixed with
· fats – oil, ghee etc. appropriate to the dosha;
· सुरा - sura- beer,
· शुक्त - sukta- fermented gruel,
· वारि - water
· क्षीरादिसाधितैः - and milk.
this medicated liquid should be filled into
· pot,
· jug with spout,
· or a tube
and poured slowly and steadily over the painful part covered with cloth.
in relation to doshas
तैरेव वा द्रवैः पूर्णे कुण्डं सर्वाङ्गे अनिले
अवगाह्य आतुरस्तिष्ठेदर्शः कृच्छ्रादिरूक्ष च
1. in case of vata affecting the entire body,
the same- medicated water may be filled into tub and the patient made to sit in it,
this method can be adopted in
· piles,
· dysuria
· and such other painful diseases
स्वेद विधि / PROCEDURE OF SUDATION THERAPY
निवाते अन्तर्बहि स्निग्धो जीर्णान्नः स्वेदमाचरेत्
स्वेदमाचरेत्
sweating should be administered to him
1. who has been given snehana -
अन्तर्बहि स्निग्धो
· both internally- by drinking fats and
· externally- anointing oil/ fats all over the body,
2. निवाते - who is staying in a room devoid of breeze
3.जीर्णान्नः - after his meal has been completely digested.
व्याधि व्याधितदेस ऋतु वशान् मध्य्वरावरम्
sweating may be
1. mild,
2. moderate
3. or strong
depending upon the condition of the
disease,
1. patient,
2. habitat and
3. season.
SVEDA KARMA ACCORDING TO DOSHAS
कफार्तो रूक्षणं रूक्षो ,
a. person suffering from diseases of kapha
should be given sweating treatment in
· dry condition- without the use of fat internally and externally
· and with dry liquid – without addition of fats
रूक्षः स्निग्धं कफानिले
b. in case of kapha and vata- increased together
the patient should be
· in dry condition and
· liquid mixed with fats – should be used for sweating.
आमाशयगते वायौ कफे पक्वाशयाश्रिते
रूक्षपूर्वं तथा स्नेहपूर्वं स्थानानुरोधितः
c. when vata is localized in the amashaya / stomach
dry sweating should be given.
d. when kapha is localized in pakvasaya/ intestines
lubrication therapy / oil- sweating should be given.
अल्पं वङ्क्षणायोः स्वल्पं दृक् मुष्क हृदये न वा
e. over the groins and also on the eye, scrotum and heart.
sweating should be very mild / nil
स्वेदन फल - उपचार / BENEFITS OF SWEATING TREATMENT – CARE TO BE TAKEN
शीत शूल क्षये स्विन्नो जाते अङ्गानां च मार्दवे
स्यात् शनैः मृदितः स्नातस्ततः स्नेहविधिं भजेत्
1. diminution of cold and pain and
2. softness of the organ
occur from sweating.
· after wards the body should be massaged slowly,
· given bath –in warm water and
· allowed comforts as prescribed in lubrication therapy.
अति स्वेदन फल / ATI SVEDANA PHALA – EFFECTS OF EXCESS SWEATING
पित्तास्रकोप तृण्मूर्च्छा स्वराङ्ग सदन भ्रमाः
संधिपीडा ज्वरः श्यावरक्त मण्डल दर्शनम्
1. पित्तास्रकोप - aggravation of pitta
2. vitiation of blood
3. तृण् - thirst,
4. मूर्च्छा - loss of consciousness,
5. स्वराङ्ग सदन - weakness of voice and body,
6. भ्रमाः - delusion, dizziness
7. संधिपीडा - pain in the joints ,
8. ज्वरः - fever,
9. श्यावरक्त मण्डल दर्शनम् - appearance of black- blue, red patches on the skin, and
10.छर्दि - vomiting
-are produced by excess of sweating therapy
TREATMENT
स्वेदातियोगात् छर्दिश्च, तत्र स्तम्भनमौषधम्विष क्षाराग्नि अतिसार छर्दि मोहातुरेषु च
तत्र स्तम्भनमौषधम्
stambhana ( withholding, stopping , hindering of elimination )treatment should be done.
it is the same procedure, useful in
so also for patients suffering from
· विष - poison,
· क्षारा - caustic alkali
· अग्नि - branding by fire
· अतिसार - diarroea
· छर्दि - vomiting and
· मोह - unconsciousness
स्वेदन- स्तम्भन द्रव्य गुण/ QUALITIES OF SVEDANA- STHAMBHANA DRAVYAS
स्वेदनं गुरु तीक्ष्णोष्णं प्रायः , स्तम्भनमन्यथा
द्रवस्थिरसरस्निग्धरूक्षसूक्ष्मं च भेषजम्
स्वेदनं, स्तम्भनं श्लक्ष्णं रूक्ष सूक्ष्म सरद्रवंम्
प्रायस्तिक्तं कषायं च मधुरं च समासतः
SVEDANA DRAVYAS
स्वेदनं गुरु तीक्ष्णोष्णं प्रायः
.
generally
substances which are
1. गुरु - heavy,
2. तीक्ष्ण - penetrating and
3. उष्णं - hot in potency
are used swedana therapy.
STHAMBHANA DRAVYAS
स्तम्भनमन्यथा
substances of opposite are used in sthambhana
SVEDANA OUSHADAM
द्रवस्थिरसरस्निग्धरूक्षसूक्ष्मं च भेषजम्
स्वेदनं,
drugs which are
1. द्रव - liquid,
2. स्थिर - static,
3. सर - mobile,
4. स्निग्ध - unctous,
5. रूक्ष - dry and
6. सूक्ष्मं - penetrating
-are svedana
STAMBANA OUSHADAM
स्तम्भनं श्लक्ष्णं रूक्ष सूक्ष्म सरद्रवंम्
प्रायस्तिक्तं कषायं च मधुरं च समासतः
those which are
1. श्लक्ष्णं - smooth,
2. रूक्ष - dry,
3. सूक्ष्म - thin,
4. सर - mobile and
5. द्रवं - liquid,
6. तिक्तं - bitter,
7. कषायं - astringent and
8. मधुरं - sweet in taste
are generally stambhana
GUNAS OF STAMBHANA TREATMENT
स्तम्भितः स्याद्बले लब्धे यथोक्तामयसङ्ख्यात्
with stambhana treatment,
the person
1. gains strength and
2. gets relieved of symptoms of excess sweating
अतिस्तम्भित लक्षण / SYMPTOMS OF EXCESS STHAMBANA
स्तम्भत्वक् स्नायुसङ्कोच कम्पहृत् वाक्हनुग्रहैः
पदौष्टत्वक्करैः श्यावैः अतिस्तम्भितमादिशेत्
- स्तम्भत्वक् स्नायुसङ्कोच - contraction of skin and tendons,
- कम्प - tremors,
- हृत् ग्रहैः - stiffness of region of heart,
- वाग्रहैः - choking of voice,
- हनुग्रहैः - lockjaw,
- पदौष्टत्वक्करैः श्यावैः - black discoloration of the feet, lips, skin and hands.
अस्वेद्य /PERSONS UNSUITABLE FOR SWEATING
न स्वेदयेत् अतिस्थूलरूक्षदुर्बलमूर्च्छितान्
स्तम्भनीयक्षतक्षीणक्षाममध्यविकारिणः
तिमिरोदरवीसर्पकुष्ठशोषाढयरोगिणः
पीतदुग्धदधिस्नेहमधून् कृतविरेचनान्
भ्रष्टदग्धगुदग्लानिक्रोधशोकभयार्दितान्
क्षुत्तृष्णाकामलापाण्डुमेहिनः पित्तपीडितान्
गर्भिणी पुष्पितां सूतां , मृदु च अत्ययिके गदे
· अतिस्थूल - obese
· अतिरूक्ष – highly dry
· दुर्बल – weak, debilitated
· मूर्च्छिता – fainted, unconscious
· स्तम्भनीय - those who are fit for sthambhana treatment,
· क्षत – wounded, injured
· क्षीण - emaciated
· क्षाम - patients with ama condition,
· मध्यविकारिणः– chronic alcoholics
· तिमिर - night blindness,
· उदर- enlargement of abdomen
· वीसर्प – herpes
· कुष्ठ
· शोषा – emaciated
· आढयरोगिणः - gout
· पीतदुग्धदधिस्नेह मधून् - who have recently consumed milk, curds, fat, honey
· कृतविरेचनान् - who have just undergone virechana treatment
· गुद भ्रष्ट - who are suffering from prolapse and burns of the rectum
· दग्ध - who are burnt,
· ग्लानि - who are tired,
· क्रोध - suffering from anger,
· शोक - grief,
· भया - fear,
· क्षुत्तृष्णा - excess thirst and hunger,
· कामला – liver diseases
· पाण्डु – anemia
· मेहिनः – urinary disorders / diabetes
· पित्तपीडितान् - people with pitta imbalance.
· गर्भिणी - women who are pregnant, menstruating
· पुष्पितां - during periods and
· सूतां - delivered recently .
मृदु च अत्ययिके गदे - in case of emergency diseases , it should be done mildly – for the above.
स्वेद्य / PERSONS SUITABLE FOR SVEDANA
श्वासकासप्रतिश्यायहिध्माध्मानविबन्धिषु
स्वरभेदानिलव्याधि श्लेष्मामस्तम्भगौरवे
अङ्गमर्दकटीपार्श्वपृष्ठकुक्षिहनुग्रहे
महत्वे मुष्कयोः खल्यामायामे वातकण्टके
मूत्राकृर्च्छ्रार्बुदग्रन्थिशुक्राघाताढयमारुते
स्वेदं यथायथं कुर्यात् तदौषधविभागतः
1. श्वास – dysnoea, copd, asthma
2. कास – cough,
3. प्रतिश्याय– running nose, allergic rhinitis
4. हिध्मा – hiccup,
5. आध्मान – bloating
6. विबन्धि – constipation
7. स्वरभेद – altered voice, hoarseness
8. अनिलव्याधि / vatavyadi – diseases of vata imbalance
9. श्लेष्मा - kapha diseases
10.आम
11.स्तम्भ - stiffness
12. गौरवे - feeling of heaviness
13. अङ्गमर्द – bodyache
14. कटीपार्श्वपृष्ठकुक्षिहनुग्रहे - stiffness in lower back, flanks, back, abdomen and jaws
15. महत्वे मुष्कयोः - enlargement of the scrotum,
16. खल्यामायामे - contractions of toes and fingers,
17. tetanus
18. वातकण्टके - sprains,
19. मूत्राकृर्च्छ्रा - dysuria,
20. अर्बुद - malignant tumor- cancer,
21. ग्रन्थि - benign tumor,
22. शुक्राघाता - obstruction to the flow of semen and urine,
23. आढयमारुते - thigh stiffness.
अनग्नि अनाग्नेय स्वेद/ SUDATION WITHOUT THE AGENCY OF FIRE
स्वेदो हितः तु अनाग्नेयो वाते मेदः कफावृते
निवातं गृहमायासो गुरुप्रावरणं भयम्
उपनाहहवक्रोधो भूरिपानं क्षुधा आतपः
sweating without source of fire
is suitable in
· diseases of vata enveloped by medas and kapha.
METHODS OF ANAGNEYA SVEDA
1. निवातं गृहम्– staying in air tight room,
2. आयासो– stressful physical activity,
3. गुरुप्रावरणं – covering oneself with thick blankets
4. भयम् – fear,
5. उपनाह– bandaging wrapping with cloth etc.
6. fighting, wrestling
7. क्रोधो – anger
8. भूरिपानं – excess drinking of water
9. क्षुधा – hunger
10. आतपः – sun exposure
स्वेद फल / SVEDA PHALA – EFFECTS OF SWEATING
sweating is done after oleation,
but before elimination of doshas by
panchakarma.
स्नेहक्लिन्नाः कोष्ठगा धातुगा वा स्रोतोलीना ये च शाखास्थिसंस्था
दोषाः स्वेदैस्ते द्रवीकृत्य कोष्ठं नीताः सम्यक् शुद्धिभिः निह्नियन्ते
Doshas which have been lubricated by
oleation therapy,
a)residing either
· in the alimentary tract,
· tissues ,
b)or lurking in the channels of the extremities
bones etc
· are liquefied by sweating therapy,
· brought into the alimentary canal to be eliminated out of the body completely,
· by appropriate purification therapies.
so, sweating is done after oleation,
but before elimination of doshas by
panchakarma.
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